NAD+

NAD+ is the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂, 663.43 Da), composed of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) linked to AMP via a pyrophosphate bond. NADH is its two-electron reduced form. NMN and NR (nicotinamide riboside) are upstream precursors in the salvage pathway, converted to NAD+ via NMNAT enzymes.

Tissue NAD+ levels decline with chronological age in multiple mammalian models, partly through increased CD38 activity and reduced NAMPT expression. This decline is implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction, sirtuin underactivity, and impaired DNA repair, making NAD+ a central node in aging biology research (Verdin 2015; Rajman et al. 2018).

Three major classes consume NAD+ non-redox: (1) sirtuins (SIRT1-7), which cleave NAD+ during protein deacylation; (2) PARPs (especially PARP1), which build poly(ADP-ribose) at DNA damage sites; and (3) NAD+ glycohydrolases including CD38, CD157, and SARM1, which hydrolyze NAD+ to nicotinamide and ADP-ribose.

In vitro research applications include serving as a cosubstrate in biochemical sirtuin and PARP activity assays, as a redox cofactor in enzyme-coupled assays (LDH, ADH, GAPDH), in cellular bioenergetics measurements, and as a standard for NAD+/NADH ratio quantification by HPLC or cycling assays. For research use only.

Lyophilized NAD+ should be stored dry, light-protected at 2-8°C for routine use and at -20°C for long-term stability. Reconstitute in sterile or bacteriostatic water; NAD+ is most stable around neutral pH and degrades in alkaline conditions. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles of reconstituted stock.

No. GlamCO NAD+ is supplied strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. It is not a drug, dietary supplement, or food product, and is not intended for human or veterinary consumption, diagnosis, or therapy.